PHYSIOLOGY: Cardiovascular system revision questions.

CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY

COMPILED BY: SULEIMAN NDORO JNR (DR AUDI)

1.The second heart sound is caused by:

A.   Closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves
B.   Vibrations in the ventricular wall during systole
C.   Ventricular filling
D.   Closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves
E.   Retrograde flow in the vena cava

2.  The fourth heart sound is caused by:

A.   Closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves
B.   Vibrations in the ventricular wall during systole
C.   Ventricular filling
D.   Closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves
E.   Retrograde flow in the vena cava

3.  The dicrotic notch on the aortic pressure curve is caused by:

A.   Closure of the mitral valve
B.   Closure of the tricuspid valve
C.   Closure of the aortic valve
D.   Closure of the pulmonary valve
E.   Rapid filling of the left ventricle

4. The work performed by the left ventricle is substantially greater than that performed by the right ventricle, because in the left ventricle:

A.   The contraction is slower
B.   The wall is thicker
C.   The stroke volume is greater
D.   The preload is greater
E.   The afterload is greater

5. Starling’s law of the heart:

A.   Does not operate in the failing heart
B.   Does not operate during exercise
C.   Explains the increase in heart rate produced by exercise
D.   Explains the increase in cardiac output that occurs when venous return is increased
E.   Explains the increase in cardiac output when the sympathetic nerves supplying the heart are stimulated